El Salvador Country Profile El Salvador Flag - El Salvador Maps - Latest El Salvador NewsSource: CIA World Factbook
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Background:
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First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.
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Location:
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Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway
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Geographic coordinates:
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78 00 N, 20 00 E
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Map references:
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Arctic Region
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Area:
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total: 62,049 sq km
land: 62,049 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than West Virginia
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Land boundaries:
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0 km
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Coastline:
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3,587 km
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Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 4 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia
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Climate:
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arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
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Terrain:
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wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m
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Natural resources:
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coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish
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Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2001)
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km
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Natural hazards:
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ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
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Environment - current issues:
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NA
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Geography - note:
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northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area
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Population:
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2,701 (July 2005 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA
65 years and over: NA
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Population growth rate:
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-0.02% (2005 est.)
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Birth rate:
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NA births/1,000 population
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Death rate:
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NA deaths/1,000 population
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Net migration rate:
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NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
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Sex ratio:
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NA%
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: NA
male: NA
female: NA
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: NA years
male: NA years
female: NA years
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Total fertility rate:
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NA children born/woman
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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0% (2001)
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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0 (2001)
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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0 (2001)
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Ethnic groups:
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Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
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Languages:
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Norwegian, Russian
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Literacy:
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NA
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Country name:
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
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Dependency status:
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territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway
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Government type:
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NA
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Capital:
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Longyearbyen
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Independence:
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none (territory of Norway)
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National holiday:
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NA
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Legal system:
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NA
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)
head of government: Governor Odd Olsen INGERO (since 8 June 2001) and Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since NA)
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
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International organization participation:
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none
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Flag description:
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the flag of Norway is used
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Economy - overview:
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Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $NA
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GDP - real growth rate:
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NA%
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Labor force:
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NA
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Budget:
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revenues: $11.5 million
expenditures: $11.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.)
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Exports:
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$NA
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Imports:
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$NA
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$8.2 million from Norway (1998)
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Currency (code):
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Norwegian krone (NOK)
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Exchange rates:
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Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000)
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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NA
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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NA
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: probably adequate
domestic: local telephone service
international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
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Television broadcast stations:
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NA
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Internet country code:
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.sj
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Internet users:
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NA
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Highways:
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total: NA km
paved: NA km
unpaved: NA km
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Ports and harbors:
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Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden
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Airports:
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4 (2004 est.)
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
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Military - note:
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demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920
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Disputes - international:
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despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone
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El Salvador Data Profile
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| Year |
1999 |
2002 |
2003 |
| People |
| Population, total |
6.1 million |
6.4 million |
6.5 million |
| Population growth (annual %) |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
| National poverty rate (% of population) |
.. |
.. |
.. |
| Life expectancy (years) |
.. |
70.1 |
70.4 |
| Fertility rate (births per woman) |
.. |
2.9 |
2.8 |
| Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) |
.. |
.. |
32.0 |
| Under 5 mortality rate (per 1,000 children) |
.. |
.. |
36.0 |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) |
.. |
.. |
69.0 |
| Child malnutrition, weight for age (% of under 5) |
.. |
.. |
10.3 |
| Child immunization, measles (% of under 12 mos) |
99.0 |
93.0 |
99.0 |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population aged 15-49) |
.. |
.. |
0.7 |
| Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above) |
81.0 |
82.4 |
.. |
| Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above) |
75.4 |
77.1 |
.. |
| Primary completion rate, total (% age group) |
88.0 |
86.0 |
89.0 |
| Primary completion rate, female (% age group) |
87.0 |
86.0 |
.. |
| Net primary enrollment (% relevant age group) |
.. |
90.4 |
.. |
| Net secondary enrollment (% relevant age group) |
.. |
48.6 |
.. |
| Environment |
| Surface area (sq. km) |
21,040.0 |
21,040.0 |
21,040.0 |
| Forests (1,000 sq. km) |
.. |
.. |
.. |
| Deforestation (avearge annual % 1990-2000) |
.. |
.. |
.. |
| Internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters) |
.. |
.. |
2,755.2 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) |
1.1 |
.. |
.. |
| Access to improved water source (% of total pop.) |
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82.0 |
.. |
| Access to improved sanitation (% of urban pop.) |
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78.0 |
.. |
| Energy use per capita (kg of oil equivalent) |
640.9 |
669.9 |
.. |
| Electricity use per capita (kWh) |
571.4 |
595.0 |
.. |
| Economy |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) |
11.8 billion |
13.5 billion |
15.3 billion |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) |
1,930.0 |
2,110.0 |
2,340.0 |
| GDP (current $) |
12.5 billion |
14.3 billion |
14.9 billion |
| GDP growth (annual %) |
3.4 |
2.2 |
1.8 |
| GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) |
0.3 |
1.4 |
2.1 |
| Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) |
10.5 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
| Value added in industry (% of GDP) |
29.3 |
30.2 |
32.1 |
| Value added in services (% of GDP) |
60.2 |
61.1 |
59.4 |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
24.9 |
26.4 |
26.8 |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
37.3 |
41.5 |
43.2 |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) |
16.4 |
16.5 |
16.3 |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) |
.. |
16.0 |
15.4 |
| Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) |
.. |
-4.7 |
-2.5 |
| Technology and infrastructure |
| Fixed lines and mobile telephones (per 1,000 people) |
163.6 |
241.0 |
292.0 |
| Telephone average cost of local call (US$ per three minutes) |
0.1 |
.. |
.. |
| Personal computers (per 1,000 people) |
16.2 |
25.2 |
.. |
| Internet users (per 1,000 people) |
8.1 |
46.5 |
84.4 |
| Paved roads (% of total) |
19.8 |
.. |
.. |
| Aircraft departures |
32,000.0 |
19,400.0 |
25,100.0 |
| Trade and finance |
| Trade in goods as a share of GDP (%) |
53.0 |
57.2 |
59.8 |
| Trade in goods as a share of goods GDP (%) |
133.2 |
147.0 |
147.2 |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) |
6.5 |
6.1 |
5.4 |
| Net barter terms of trade (1995=100) |
105.0 |
96.0 |
.. |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows in reporting country (current US$) |
215.8 million |
470.0 million |
89.0 million |
| Present value of debt (current US$) |
.. |
6.2 billion |
7.8 billion |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods and services) |
7.3 |
7.7 |
8.8 |
| Short-term debt outstanding (current US$) |
1.1 billion |
1.2 billion |
1.8 billion |
| Aid per capita (current US$) |
30.0 |
36.4 |
29.4 |
| Source: World Bank
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