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Albania
Women in the Work Force
Albania
Women in the Work Force
The female proportion of the country's wage-earning
work
force increased markedly after World War II, although
women
continued to bear most of the responsibility for
maintaining
Albanian's households. Women had played a subservient role
in
traditional Albanian society and were for hundreds of
years
considered little more than beasts of burden. During
Albania's
Cultural and Ideological Revolution, which began in 1966,
the
regime encouraged women to take jobs outside the home in
an
effort to overcome their conservatism and compensate for
labor
shortages. An enormous increase in the number of
preschools
facilitated the entry of women into paying jobs. By late
in the
decade, the regime was struggling to overcome male
resistance to
the appointment of women to government and party posts
once held
exclusively by men. Women accounted for about 41 percent
of the
overall rural labor force in 1961 and 51.3 percent in
1983.
Despite Albania's high annual birth rate in the late
1980s, women
made up about 47 percent of the country's overall work
force,
including 53 percent of the labor force in agriculture;
43.5
percent in industry; 55 percent in trade; 80 percent in
health
care; and 54 percent in education and culture. In mountain
areas,
women made up a significantly higher proportion of farm
labor. In
1981 women accounted for 70.7 percent of the
collective-farm work
force in Pukė District and constituted a similarly
disproportionate segment in Kukės, Tropojė, Mat, and
Librazhd.
Data as of April 1992
